New American Standard Bible
Elkanah and His Wives
1 Now there was a certain man from Ramathaim-zophim from the hill country of Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephraimite.
2 He had two wives: the name of one was Hannah and the name of the other Peninnah; and Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children.
3 Now this man would go up from his city yearly to worship and to sacrifice to the LORD of hosts in Shiloh. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were priests to the LORD there.
4 When the day came that Elkanah sacrificed, he would give portions to Peninnah his wife and to all her sons and her daughters;
5 but to Hannah he would give a double portion, for he loved Hannah, but the LORD had closed her womb.
6 Her rival, however, would provoke her bitterly to irritate her, because the LORD had closed her womb.
7 It happened year after year, as often as she went up to the house of the LORD, she would provoke her; so she wept and would not eat.
8 Then Elkanah her husband said to her, “Hannah, why do you weep and why do you not eat and why is your heart sad? Am I not better to you than ten sons?”
9 Then Hannah rose after eating and drinking in Shiloh. Now Eli the priest was sitting on the seat by the doorpost of the temple of the LORD.
10 She, greatly distressed, prayed to the LORD and wept bitterly.
11 She made a vow and said, “O LORD of hosts, if You will indeed look on the affliction of Your maidservant and remember me, and not forget Your maidservant, but will give Your maidservant a son, then I will give him to the LORD all the days of his life, and a razor shall never come on his head.”
12 Now it came about, as she continued praying before the LORD, that Eli was watching her mouth.
13 As for Hannah, she was speaking in her heart, only her lips were moving, but her voice was not heard. So Eli thought she was drunk.
14 Then Eli said to her, “How long will you make yourself drunk? Put away your wine from you.”
15 But Hannah replied, “No, my lord, I am a woman oppressed in spirit; I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but I have poured out my soul before the LORD.
16 “Do not consider your maidservant as a worthless woman, for I have spoken until now out of my great concern and provocation.”
17 Then Eli answered and said, “Go in peace; and may the God of Israel grant your petition that you have asked of Him.”
18 She said, “Let your maidservant find favor in your sight.” So the woman went her way and ate, and her face was no longer sad.
Samuel Is Born to Hannah
19 Then they arose early in the morning and worshiped before the LORD, and returned again to their house in Ramah. And Elkanah had relations with Hannah his wife, and the LORD remembered her.
20 It came about in due time, after Hannah had conceived, that she gave birth to a son; and she named him Samuel, saying, “Because I have asked him of the LORD.”
21 Then the man Elkanah went up with all his household to offer to the LORD the yearly sacrifice and pay his vow.
22 But Hannah did not go up, for she said to her husband, “I will not go up until the child is weaned; then I will bring him, that he may appear before the LORD and stay there forever.”
23 Elkanah her husband said to her, “Do what seems best to you. Remain until you have weaned him; only may the LORD confirm His word.” So the woman remained and nursed her son until she weaned him.
24 Now when she had weaned him, she took him up with her, with a three-year-old bull and one ephah of flour and a jug of wine, and brought him to the house of the LORD in Shiloh, although the child was young.
25 Then they slaughtered the bull, and brought the boy to Eli.
26 She said, “Oh, my lord! As your soul lives, my lord, I am the woman who stood here beside you, praying to the LORD.
27 “For this boy I prayed, and the LORD has given me my petition which I asked of Him.
28 “So I have also dedicated him to the LORD; as long as he lives he is dedicated to the LORD.” And he worshiped the LORD there.
Комментарии МакДональда
I. СЛУЖЕНИЕ САМУИЛА ДО ПОМАЗАНИЯ САУЛА (Гл. 1−9)
A. Рождение и детство Самуила (Гл. 1)
1:1−10 1 Царств открывается представлением Елканы и его двух жен, Анны (благодать) и Феннаны (коралл). Он был левитом из Рамафаим-Цофима в Ефреме; поэтому в 1-м стихе указано, что он — Ефрафянин (см. также 1Пар 6:22−28). Являясь надежной исторической записью, Библия отмечает существование полигамии, но никогда не одобряет ее. Как и в случае с Лией и Рахилью, одна жена рожала, пока другая была бесплодна. Это явилось причиной соперничества в доме, так как, хотя Анна и была бездетной, она была больше любима своим мужем. Каждый год, когда они всей семьей ездили в Силом отмечать один из праздников, Анна всегда получала двойную порцию жертвоприношения (ст. 3−5). Но это вызывало язвительные замечания со стороны Феннаны. Год за годом ее колкости ранили Анну все глубже, пока, наконец, в отчаянии она не обратилась к Господу в храме.
1:11−18 Анна дала обет, что, если Бог даст ей ребенка мужского пола, она отдаст его обратно Господу. Он будет Назореем от рождения. Епископ Халл советует:
«Получить любое благо можно, посвятив его в своем сердце славе того Бога, у которого мы его просим; таким образом Бог и порадует Своего слугу, и почтет Самого Себя». Старый священник Илий увидел, как Анна шевелит губами, и решил, что она пьяна. Но как только она объяснила свои действия, он увидел ее серьезность, благословил ее и отправил с миром. Анна была обеспокоена своим физическим бесплодием. Нас должно печалить наше духовное бесплодие.
1:19−28 Когда молитва Анны была отвечена, она назвала младенца Самуилом (услышанный Богом), потому что она его «испросила... от Господа». Когда Самуил был отнят от груди, она отвела его в дом Господа и отдала его Господу, посвятив его раз и навсегда. С самого начала мальчик помогал священникам и служил Господу. Последняя фраза 28-го стиха говорит и о Самуиле: он поклонялся Господу, хотя и был очень молод, потому что его жизнь была посвящена служению Господу.