English Standard Version
The Continuing Conquest of Canaan
1 After the death of Joshua, the people of Israel inquired of the Lord, “Who shall go up first for us against the Canaanites, to fight against them?”
2 The Lord said, “Judah shall go up; behold, I have given the land into his hand.”
3 And Judah said to Simeon his brother, “Come up with me into the territory allotted to me, that we may fight against the Canaanites. And I likewise will go with you into the territory allotted to you.” So Simeon went with him.
4 Then Judah went up and the Lord gave the Canaanites and the Perizzites into their hand, and they defeated 10,000 of them at Bezek.
5 They found Adoni-bezek at Bezek and fought against him and defeated the Canaanites and the Perizzites.
6 Adoni-bezek fled, but they pursued him and caught him and cut off his thumbs and his big toes.
7 And Adoni-bezek said, “Seventy kings with their thumbs and their big toes cut off used to pick up scraps under my table. As I have done, so God has repaid me.” And they brought him to Jerusalem, and he died there.
8 And the men of Judah fought against Jerusalem and captured it and struck it with the edge of the sword and set the city on fire.
9 And afterward the men of Judah went down to fight against the Canaanites who lived in the hill country, in the Negeb, and in the lowland.
10 And Judah went against the Canaanites who lived in Hebron (now the name of Hebron was formerly Kiriath-arba), and they defeated Sheshai and Ahiman and Talmai.
11 From there they went against the inhabitants of Debir. The name of Debir was formerly Kiriath-sepher.
12 And Caleb said, “He who attacks Kiriath-sepher and captures it, I will give him Achsah my daughter for a wife.”
13 And Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother, captured it. And he gave him Achsah his daughter for a wife.
14 When she came to him, she urged him to ask her father for a field. And she dismounted from her donkey, and Caleb said to her, “What do you want?”
15 She said to him, “Give me a blessing. Since you have set me in the land of the Negeb, give me also springs of water.” And Caleb gave her the upper springs and the lower springs.
16 And the descendants of the Kenite, Moses’ father-in-law, went up with the people of Judah from the city of palms into the wilderness of Judah, which lies in the Negeb near Arad, and they went and settled with the people.
17 And Judah went with Simeon his brother, and they defeated the Canaanites who inhabited Zephath and devoted it to destruction. So the name of the city was called Hormah.a
18 Judah also captured Gaza with its territory, and Ashkelon with its territory, and Ekron with its territory.
19 And the Lord was with Judah, and he took possession of the hill country, but he could not drive out the inhabitants of the plain because they had chariots of iron.
20 And Hebron was given to Caleb, as Moses had said. And he drove out from it the three sons of Anak.
21 But the people of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites who lived in Jerusalem, so the Jebusites have lived with the people of Benjamin in Jerusalem to this day.
22 The house of Joseph also went up against Bethel, and the Lord was with them.
23 And the house of Joseph scouted out Bethel. (Now the name of the city was formerly Luz.)
24 And the spies saw a man coming out of the city, and they said to him, “Please show us the way into the city, and we will deal kindly with you.”
25 And he showed them the way into the city. And they struck the city with the edge of the sword, but they let the man and all his family go.
26 And the man went to the land of the Hittites and built a city and called its name Luz. That is its name to this day.
Failure to Complete the Conquest
27 Manasseh did not drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shean and its villages, or Taanach and its villages, or the inhabitants of Dor and its villages, or the inhabitants of Ibleam and its villages, or the inhabitants of Megiddo and its villages, for the Canaanites persisted in dwelling in that land.
28 When Israel grew strong, they put the Canaanites to forced labor, but did not drive them out completely.
29 And Ephraim did not drive out the Canaanites who lived in Gezer, so the Canaanites lived in Gezer among them.
30 Zebulun did not drive out the inhabitants of Kitron, or the inhabitants of Nahalol, so the Canaanites lived among them, but became subject to forced labor.
31 Asher did not drive out the inhabitants of Acco, or the inhabitants of Sidon or of Ahlab or of Achzib or of Helbah or of Aphik or of Rehob,
32 so the Asherites lived among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land, for they did not drive them out.
33 Naphtali did not drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh, or the inhabitants of Beth-anath, so they lived among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land. Nevertheless, the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and of Beth-anath became subject to forced labor for them.
34 The Amorites pressed the people of Dan back into the hill country, for they did not allow them to come down to the plain.
35 The Amorites persisted in dwelling in Mount Heres, in Aijalon, and in Shaalbim, but the hand of the house of Joseph rested heavily on them, and they became subject to forced labor.
36 And the border of the Amorites ran from the ascent of Akrabbim, from Sela and upward.
Комментарии МакДональда
I. ОБЗОР И ПРОСМОТР (1:1 — 3:6)
A. Оглядываясь назад (1:1 — 2:10)
1:1−3 После смерти Иисуса Навина (см. 2:8), колено Иуды возглавило войну с Хананеями на юге. Несмотря на Божье обещание победы, Иуда искал помощи у колена Симеона, этим показав, что их вера не полагалась полностью на Слово Божье.
1:4−7 Первую победу они одержали над жителями Везека. Убив десять тысяч людей, они отрезали царю большие пальцы на руках и ногах, как он это делал со своими врагами. Его нужно было предать смерти, как заповедал Господь (Втор 7:24), но вместо этого его просто изувечили. Потом его отвезли в Иерусалим, где он и умер. Это предвестило непослушание Израиля по отношению к язычникам, находящимся на израильской земле. Вместо того, чтобы их полностью истребить, Израильтяне их только калечили. Такое частичное послушание являлось непослушанием и много стоило Иудеям впоследствии.
1. Благочестивое наследие Самсона (Гл. 13)
2. Праздник и загадка Самсона (Гл. 14)
3. Ответные меры Самсона(Гл. 15)
4. Самсон обманут Далидой(Гл. 16)
III. РЕЛИГИОЗНЫЙ, МОРАЛЬНЫЙ И ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ УПАДОК (Гл. 17−21)
A. Религиозные основания Михи (Гл. 17)
Б. Миха и сыны Дана (Гл. 18)
B. Левит и его наложница (Гл. 19)
Г. Война с Вениамином (Гл. 20−21)
1:8 В какой-то степени Иуде сопутствовал успех в захвате Иерусалима, когда они подожгли город. Но ни Иуде, ни Вениамину не удалось выдворить Иевусеев из их крепости (см. комментарий к Иисусу Навину 15:21−63). Это произошло только во время правления Давида (2Цар 5:6−7).
1:9−15 Захват Хеврона здесь приписывается Иуде; 14 и 15 главы Иисуса Навина говорят о том, что Халев захватил этот город. Здесь нет никаких расхождений, так как Халев был из колена Иуды. Эти стихи (9, 10), вероятно, ссылаются на захват города Халевом (см. ст. 20), а не на военную операцию, последовавшую после смерти Иисуса Навина, так же как захват Кириаф-Сефера Гофониилом повторно описывается в стихах 11−15, хотя он произошел до этого (Нав 15:16−19).
1:16 Кенеяне продолжали жить с детьми Иуды, несмотря на то, что они (Кенеяне), на самом деле, так и не обратились к Богу.
1:17−21 Другие завоевания Иуды включают города: Хорма, Газа, Аскалон и Екрон, но эти завоевания были не полными. У обитателей долин были железные колесницы, а у Иуды не хватило веры пойти в наступление. Они не захотели проявить стойкость в трудных обстоятельствах. Стих 21 указывает на то, что книга Судей была написана до того, как Давид захватил Иерусалим.
1:22−26 Другие победы приписываются только двум коленам Иосифа. (Вероятно, эти стихи ссылаются на захват Вефиля еще при жизни Иисуса Навина (Нав 12:16), так же, как и предыдущие стихи, касающиеся Хеврона и Кириаф-Сефера, возвращают нас к дням этого великого воеводы). Они напали на город Вефиль, ранее называвшийся Луз, и разрушили его. Но их ошибка заключалась в том, что они пообещали безопасность изменнику, работавшему на их стороне. Он сразу же начал строить еще один город под названием Луз в земле Хеттеев. Неосужденный грех выживает, и с ним придется столкнуться позже.
1:27−36 В оставшихся стихах этой главы говорится о том, как у семи центральных и северных колен не получилось выдворить Хананеев со своей территории: колен Вениамина (ст. 21), Манассии (ст. 27−28), Ефрема (ст. 29), Завулона (ст. 30), Асира (ст. 31−32), Неффалима (ст. 33) и Дана (ст. 34−36).